A Cartogram is a map where a certain thematic variable is substituted in place of land area, distorting the appearance of the map to convey this variable. In this example, the variable represents the allotment of electoral votes throughout the United States. So the states are shaped and constructed around how many electoral votes the state is worth. In this map they use box shapes, but in other cartograms they use methods like "stretched" and "pulled" views.
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